Reverse Alphabet Triangle

easy Pattern Printing

Problem

Read n (1 to 26) and print a triangle where every row starts with the n-th letter and goes backward. Row i has i letters. Example for n = 4: D, DC, DCB, DCBA.

Constraints

  • 1 <= n <= 26

Examples

Input

3

Output

C
CB
CBA

Solutions

Best approachTime O(n^2)Space O(1)

The first letter of every row is the n-th letter. Each next letter is one step lower in the alphabet.

Same code works in Java810172125Basic features only, so nothing changes between versions.

Java 8 has no String.repeat, so we use a small helper method. In Java 11 and newer you can write " ".repeat(count).

/*
 * Problem : Triangle of letters going backward.
 * Input   : One integer n (rows).
 * Output  : n lines of letters.
 * Approach: Start from the n-th letter and count down.
 * Time    : O(n^2)
 * Space   : O(1)
 * Java    : 8 or newer.
 */
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int rows = new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();

        // Step 1: Find the last letter that we need. Example: n = 4 -> D.
        char lastLetter = (char) ('A' + rows - 1);

        // Step 2: Repeat once for each row. Row numbers go from 1 to rows.
        for (int row = 1; row <= rows; row++) {
            StringBuilder line = new StringBuilder();

            // Step 3: Write "row" letters. Start from the last letter and go backward.
            for (int step = 0; step < row; step++) {
                line.append((char) (lastLetter - step));
            }

            // Step 4: Print the finished line.
            System.out.println(line);
        }
    }
}
Hints (2)
  1. Use an outer loop for rows and an inner loop for the letters or digits.
  2. Write the output for n = 3 and look for the rule.